County Armagh is a captivating destination nestled in the heart of Northern Ireland. With its rich history, stunning geography, vibrant culture, and noteworthy landmarks, this county offers a wealth of experiences for travelers. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply looking for a unique cultural experience, County Armagh has something to offer. Known as the ‘Orchard County,’ the region is renowned for its apple orchards, which create a visual spectacle during springtime when they are in bloom. In this guide, we’ll delve into the fascinating aspects that make County Armagh a must-visit destination.
Introduction to County Armagh
County Armagh is a charming county located in the south of Northern Ireland, known for its rich history, stunning natural beauty, and warm hospitality. The county is home to the historic city of Armagh, which has been the spiritual capital of Northern Ireland for over 1,500 years. With its picturesque countryside, rolling hills, and scenic coastline, County Armagh is a popular destination for tourists and a great place to explore. The region’s attractive countryside, dotted with many orchards, offers a serene escape from the hustle and bustle of city life. Whether you’re interested in delving into the county’s ancient past or simply enjoying its natural splendor, County Armagh has something for everyone.
Understanding the History of County Armagh
County Armagh, located in Northern Ireland, is a region that is steeped in ancient and medieval history. Its rich past is evident in the numerous historical sites and landmarks that dot the landscape, each with its own fascinating story to tell. Family members are connected to the history of County Armagh through personal and familial ties, such as those seen in the Ulster Folk and Transport Museum.
Ancient and Medieval History
One of the most significant periods in County Armagh’s history is its ancient and medieval past. It was once the seat of power for the ancient Irish kingdom of Ulster, a kingdom that played a pivotal role in shaping the region’s identity.
One of the most impressive ancient monuments in County Armagh is the Navan Fort. This ancient site, dating back to the Iron Age, is believed to have been the ceremonial center of the ancient Irish kings. Legend has it that it was here where the ancient kings were crowned, and where important rituals and ceremonies took place.
During the medieval period, County Armagh found itself at the center of conflicts between the Gaelic Irish and the Anglo-Normans. The ruins of Creggan Church, an old Augustinian monastery, stand as a testament to this turbulent era. These impressive ruins offer a glimpse into the past, allowing visitors to imagine what life was like during this time of political and cultural upheaval.
Modern History
In more recent history, County Armagh has witnessed its fair share of challenges and significant events that have shaped its present-day identity.
One notable event in County Armagh’s history is the Battle of the Diamond, which took place near the village of Loughgall in 1795. This battle marked a turning point in Irish history and had a profound impact on the political landscape of the time. It was a clash between the Protestant Peep o’ Day Boys and the Catholic Defenders, and its outcome influenced the subsequent tensions and conflicts that would define the relationship between different religious and political groups in Ireland.
Another period that left a lasting impact on County Armagh is the Troubles, a period of conflict in Northern Ireland that lasted from the late 1960s to the late 1990s. County Armagh, like many other regions in Northern Ireland, experienced its fair share of violence and unrest during this time. However, it is also a region that has emerged as a symbol of peace and reconciliation.
Today, County Armagh is actively engaged in efforts to promote unity and healing. Various initiatives and organizations are working towards fostering understanding and dialogue between different communities, ensuring that the region’s troubled past is not forgotten, but serves as a reminder of the importance of peace and cooperation.
County Armagh’s history is a tapestry of ancient kingdoms, medieval conflicts, and modern struggles. Exploring its historical sites and delving into its past allows visitors to gain a deeper understanding of the region’s rich heritage and the resilience of its people.
Exploring the Geography of County Armagh
Landscape and Natural Features
County Armagh, located in Northern Ireland, is a region known for its stunning geography and natural beauty. The landscape of this county is incredibly diverse, offering a range of picturesque sights that will leave visitors in awe.
One of the most notable features of County Armagh is its rolling hills and lush green valleys. These undulating landscapes create a scenic backdrop that is truly breathtaking. As you traverse the countryside, you’ll be greeted with sweeping vistas that stretch as far as the eye can see.
For those seeking a more adventurous experience, Slieve Gullion is a must-visit destination. Standing as the highest peak in the county, Slieve Gullion offers not only a challenging hike but also rewards climbers with breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding countryside. On a clear day, you can see for miles, taking in the beauty of the entire region. The ancient Navan Fort, a significant historical site, is located a few miles west of Armagh City.
Another natural gem in County Armagh is the Ring of Gullion. This designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty is a haven for hikers and nature enthusiasts. With its network of walking trails, you can explore the enchanting woodlands, discover hidden waterfalls, and immerse yourself in the tranquility of nature.
In addition to its rolling hills and stunning landscapes, County Armagh is also blessed with picturesque lakes. Lough Neagh, the largest freshwater lake in the British Isles, is a prominent feature of the county. This expansive body of water provides not only a beautiful backdrop but also opportunities for boating, fishing, and leisurely walks along its shores. It is adjoined to the south shore of County Armagh. Camlough Lake, another stunning lake in the region, offers a peaceful retreat where visitors can enjoy the serenity of nature.
Climate and Weather
County Armagh experiences a temperate maritime climate, influenced by its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean. This climate is characterized by mild summers and relatively cool winters, making it a pleasant destination to visit throughout the year.
Rainfall in County Armagh is evenly spread throughout the year, contributing to the county’s lush greenery. The frequent showers provide the perfect conditions for the vibrant flora to thrive, creating a picturesque landscape that is a delight to behold.
When planning a visit to County Armagh, it’s always a good idea to pack a waterproof jacket, as the weather can be changeable. However, don’t let the occasional rain showers deter you from exploring this stunning region. In fact, the rain often adds a touch of magic to the landscape, creating a glistening and ethereal atmosphere that is truly enchanting.
Discovering the Culture of County Armagh
Traditional Music and Dance
County Armagh has a lively traditional music and dance scene. From lively pub sessions to traditional music festivals, visitors can immerse themselves in the rich sounds of Irish culture. The Armagh Pipers Club is a renowned institution that promotes traditional music and offers classes for aspiring musicians.
The vibrant tradition of Irish dancing is also celebrated in County Armagh. Whether it’s a mesmerizing performance by local dance groups or a lively céilí (traditional Irish social gathering), you’ll find the spirit of Irish dance alive and thriving here.
Local Cuisine, Drinks, and Apple Orchards
Exploring the culinary delights of County Armagh is a treat for food lovers. The county is known for its production of mouthwatering apples, with orchards dotting the landscape. Be sure to sample some traditional apple-based treats, such as Armagh cider or the famous Armagh Bramley apple pie.
From cozy country pubs to contemporary restaurants, County Armagh offers a range of dining experiences. Indulge in hearty Irish stews, freshly caught seafood, or the renowned Ulster Fry, a breakfast of champions that features bacon, sausage, eggs, black pudding, and more.
Notable Landmarks in County Armagh
Navan Fort
What is Navan Fort Armagh? It is a historical and archaeological site two miles west of Armagh on the Killylea road (A28). Though called a fort it was more probably an ancient sanctuary. It is believed that the site was the location of Emain Macha the first capital of Ulster. The archaeological remains date from as early as the beginning of the first century BC.
Myths and Legends
Navan Fort Armagh, or Emain Macha was founded according to legend in the 6th or 5th century BC. Its most famous king was Conchobar Mac Nessa. Conchobar is the ancient form of the name Connor. Conchobar features prominently in the Ulster Cycle, also known as the Red Branch Cycle. The Ulster Cycle is a collection of legends that date from the Middle Ages and describe heroic events of the kings and knights of Ulster. It is one of the most important collections of Irish myths and legends.
The main hero of the legends is CuChulainn, nephew of Conchobar. He figures prominently in a number of gruesome tales of war, love and death. One of the better known ones is his marriage to Emer. CuChulainn is a very handsome young man and the men of Ulster fear for their wives. So they look for a good wife for him to keep him in line and find Emer, daughter of Forgall. But he does not want his daughter to marry CuChulainn and requests that before a wedding is to take place, CuChulainn must become a man and train in the arts of war with the famous warrior woman Scathach of Scotland. He hopes that in the process he will die.
CuChulainn goes successfully through all the challenges he faces and returns to Ulster to claim his wife. However, Forgall still refuses to accept the match. CuChulainn storms Forgall’s fortress and takes Emer, while Forgall loses his life in the process.
History – Navan Fort Armagh
Legends aside Navan Fort is a large earthwork, a small hill. On the top where the ancient sanctuary lay the area is flat and has a diameter of 240 meters (nearly 900 feet). Surrounding it is a ditch about 4 meters deep (12 feet) and an embankment that is 4 meters high and about 15 meters wide (50 feet). In this large enclosure two important sites were believed to have existed. On the south east side was a large ring burrow, or iron age burial ground. On the north west is a mound about 6 meters high (20 feet) and 40 meters in diameter (130 feet). Where the mound is there used to stand a building of four concentric circles of oak beams with an entrance facing the east and a paved floor area, probably an ancient pagan temple. The structure was burned and then covered in dirt which makes up the current mound.
A Visit Today
Navan Fort today may look like an ordinary hill to the untrained eye. But take a walk to the top. Enjoy the views of the Armagh countryside. Imagine ancient Emain Macha bustling with life. Try to visualize CuChulainn and his knights coming back from battle or training for one right at the foot of the hill. While the Ulster Cycle is a collection of legends, legends are often embellished accounts of what might have been historical accounts.
A visit to Navan fort will not be complete without a stop over at the Navan Centre, a modern and friendly Centre packed with information and materials that will help you appreciate Navan Fort better.
Armagh Planetarium
The Armagh Observatory is a modern facility for astronomical research. Now, I can hear you thinking, “what does an observatory have to do with Northern Ireland tourism”. Maybe not much if it weren’t for the Armagh Planetarium located on the same premises which does an excellent job in bringing astronomy to the level understandable by the uninitiated. The two establishments together make up the Armagh Observatory and Planetarium.
The Observatory
The Observatory was established in 1790 by Archbishop Richard Robinson who had not only a religious but also a physical and scientific interest in heaven. Currently it is the workplace of about 25 astronomers and is arguably one of the UK’s foremost scientific institutions.
The Planetarium
While I do take a casual interest in astronomy I have to confess that the Armagh Planetarium is what appeals most to me. It was opened in 1968. Not only does it present astronomical information in easy to understand ways, but it is also a great place to take children in the knowledge that they will not only enjoy good recreation but also have an educational experience. My children certainly enjoyed our Armagh planetarium trip.
Highlights in the Planetarium
A key attraction in the planetarium is the digital theater that presents a number of shows appropriate to different ages. Another favorite is the rocket launching where children are shown how to build and launch small rockets powered by water and compressed air. This is an outdoor activity carried out on certain days and depends on the weather which in Northern Ireland can be undependable! Beyond these there is a host of other exhibits and activities that will keep children and you occupied and enthused. And not to be overlooked, the Planetarium also offers courses on basic astronomy to interested individuals. That sounds like a good hobby to pick up.
All in all the Observatory and Planetarium is one of the UK’s foremost observatories/planetariums and is well worth a visit.
Contact Information
Armagh Planetarium, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DB
Tel. +44 28 3752 3689
Email: info@armaghplanet.com
Website: www.armaghplanet.com
The city of Armagh is also known for its beautiful ecclesiastical buildings. St. Patrick’s Church of Ireland Cathedral, with its stunning Gothic architecture, is a must-visit for history buffs and architecture enthusiasts.
Cathedrals
Armagh City is home to two stunning cathedrals, both dedicated to St. Patrick, reflecting the city’s deep spiritual roots. The Anglican Cathedral of St. Patrick, also known as the Church of Ireland Cathedral, is a magnificent example of Gothic Revival architecture. Its towering spires, intricate stone carvings, and beautiful stained-glass windows make it a must-visit for history buffs and architecture enthusiasts alike. On the other hand, the Catholic Cathedral of St. Patrick is a striking example of Romanesque Revival architecture. Its impressive dome and ornate interior, adorned with detailed mosaics and sculptures, offer a glimpse into the county’s rich history and spiritual heritage. Both cathedrals stand as testaments to Armagh City’s historical significance and are essential stops on any visit to County Armagh.
The Argory
The Argory is a stately home that is maintained and run by the National Trust Northern Ireland. It is located on the outskirts of Armagh in County Armagh. It is a fine example of neoclassical architecture. It dates from around 1820. However, additional work has been done over the years. The current look dates from about 1900 with the interior reflecting the tastes of the time.
The highlight exhibit is a cabinet barrel organ dating from 1824 and still in good working order. In the stable room you can see a harness room as well as old horse carriages. The home is surrounded by 320 acres of woodland, garden and walking trails. If the weather is nice you can explore the grounds. Even if the weather is misty make sure you have an umbrella to keep you dry and the walking experience will be equally enjoyable.
There are ample parking facilities, a children’s play area, a gift and second hand book store and the award winning Lady Ada’s tea room with home baked delights as its specialty.
As with other National Trust UK properties, it is in excellent state of preservation and well looked after. It offers a serene and idyllic environment for a walk or a picnic. There is an entry fee both to the grounds and to the home.
Contact Information
144 Derrycaw Road, Moy, Dungannon, Co. Armagh BT71 6NA
Telephone: 028 8778 4753
For the official website and pricing information click here.
Parks and Natural Reserves
For those seeking outdoor adventures, County Armagh offers several parks and natural reserves to explore. Nestled among the small hills of County Armagh, these parks provide a unique blend of scenic beauty and rich cultural backdrop. Gosford Forest Park, with its enchanting woodland trails and picturesque lakes, is a haven for nature lovers. Castlewellan Forest Park, located just outside the county, is a gem with its stunning gardens, castle, and panoramic views.
If you’re interested in birdwatching, Lough Neagh and the nearby Oxford Island Nature Reserve are teeming with a wide variety of bird species. Keep an eye out for the iconic mute swans that grace the shores of Lough Neagh.
Exploring South Armagh
South Armagh is a beautiful region located in the south of County Armagh, known for its stunning natural beauty, rich history, and traditional Irish culture. The region is home to the Ring of Gullion, a rugged area of outstanding natural beauty that marks the county’s border with Louth to the south. The Ring of Gullion contains the highest peak in the county and offers stunning views of the surrounding countryside. Visitors to South Armagh can also explore the ancient site of Navan Fort, which was the stronghold of the kings of Ulster around 700 BC. The Navan Centre, located close to the mound, offers a fantastic insight into Celtic culture and the rituals and beliefs of pre-Christian Ireland. This area is a treasure trove of history and natural beauty, making it a must-visit for anyone exploring County Armagh.
Outdoor Activities in County Armagh
County Armagh is a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts, with its stunning natural beauty, rolling hills, and scenic coastline offering a wide range of activities to suit all interests. Visitors can explore the beautiful countryside on foot or by bike, or take to the water and enjoy sailing, fishing, or kayaking on Carlingford Lough. The Mourne Mountains, located just a short distance from Armagh City, offer stunning views and a range of hiking and climbing routes for all levels. For those looking for something more relaxing, the county’s many parks and gardens, such as Gosford Forest Park and the Palace Demesne, offer a peaceful retreat from the hustle and bustle of city life. Whether you’re seeking adventure or tranquility, County Armagh’s diverse landscapes provide the perfect backdrop for outdoor activities.
Accommodation and Dining in County Armagh
County Armagh offers a wide range of accommodation options to suit all budgets and preferences, from luxury hotels and bed and breakfasts to self-catering cottages and camping sites. Visitors can choose to stay in the historic city of Armagh, with its many charming hotels and guesthouses, or opt for a more rural retreat in the countryside. The county is also renowned for its delicious local cuisine, which features a range of traditional Irish dishes, such as Irish stew and soda bread, as well as fresh seafood and locally-produced meats. Visitors can enjoy a meal at one of the county’s many excellent restaurants, cafes, and pubs, or sample some of the local produce at one of the many farmers’ markets and food festivals that take place throughout the year. Whether you’re looking for a cozy country inn or a fine dining experience, County Armagh has something to satisfy every palate.
Travel Tips for Visiting County Armagh
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit County Armagh largely depends on your preferences. Summer months, from June to August, offer the warmest weather and longer daylight hours. This is an ideal time for outdoor activities and exploring the county’s natural beauty.
Autumn is a fantastic time to witness the stunning fall foliage, with vibrant colors adorning the landscape. It is also the onset of the apple harvest season in the apple orchards of County Armagh, known as the ‘Orchard County.’ Spring brings new life to County Armagh, with blossoming flowers and the promise of warmer days ahead. Winter can be chilly, but it offers unique opportunities for cozy evenings by the fire and festive celebrations.
Getting Around County Armagh
County Armagh is well-connected by road networks, making it easy to explore the county at your own pace. Renting a car is a convenient option for travelers who want to venture beyond the main towns and experience the countryside.
Public transportation, such as buses, also provide access to key destinations within County Armagh. The city of Armagh itself is relatively compact and can be easily explored on foot, with its charming streets lined with shops, cafes, and historic sites.
In conclusion, County Armagh offers a captivating blend of history, geography, culture, and natural beauty. Explore the ancient monuments, immerse yourself in traditional music and dance, indulge in local cuisine, and marvel at the county’s remarkable landmarks. Whether you’re a history buff, an outdoor enthusiast, or simply seeking a unique cultural experience, County Armagh promises an unforgettable journey through the heart of Northern Ireland.
